BUSAN CRUISE TERMINAL PIER & BREAKWATER
Busan, South Korea

The federal government of South Korea wanted alternatives for the new cruise terminal, recreational pier and breakwater at Busan, South Korea. Hyundai desired to propose construction alternatives and analysis to win the construction contract and enlisted Coast & Harbor Engineering (CHE) to be part of a team to develop feasible alternatives for the project. The wave protection analysis was complex due to incident long-period waves and poor soil conditions that precluded the use of rock or solid wall structures. CHE’s innovative porous multi-wall breakwater design cost 20% less than competing alternatives with the same performance, resulting in award of the construction contract to Hyundai.

CHE performed the following project tasks:

		Historical data review.
		Prototype analysis to determine the existence of similar piers and performance data.
		Alternatives development, including multi-wall porous breakwater system.
		Numerical 1-D model development to predict reflection and transmission within each section of the multi-wall system and final reflection and transmission through the entire system.
		Numerical 2-D wave refraction-diffraction modeling of wide area using Ref/Dif and COASTOX models to estimate incident design wave conditions.
		Numerical 2-D wave refraction-diffraction-reflection-transmission modeling of wave diffraction around and transmission through the pier and breakwater alternatives with spatially variable reflection and transmission characteristics.
		Developed and managed 2-D physical model testing of proposed multi-wall porous breakwater system at Canadian Hydraulics Center.
		Wave loading evaluation for structural design of 3-wall system.